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Ordination of women in Buddhism
The ordination of women in Buddhism is and has always been practiced in some Buddhist regions, such as East Asia, is being revived in some countries such as Sri Lanka, and is newly beginning in some Western countries to which Buddhism has recently spread, such as the United States.
==Ordained monastic community==
The tradition of the ordained monastic community (sangha) began with the Buddha, who established an order of Bhikkhus (monks).〔Macmillan ''Encyclopedia of Buddhism'' (Volume One), page 352〕 According to the scriptures,〔''Book of the Discipline'', Pali Text Society, volume V, Chapter X〕 later, after an initial reluctance, he also established an order of Bhikkhunis (nuns or women monks). However, according to the scriptural account, not only did the Buddha lay down more rules of discipline for the bhikkhunis (311 compared to the bhikkhu's 227 in the Theravada version), he also made it more difficult for them to be ordained, and made them subordinate to monks.
According to Peter Harvey, "The Buddha's apparent hesitation on this matter is reminiscent of his hesitation on whether to teach at all", something he only does after persuasion from various devas. Since the special rules for female monastics were given by the founder of Buddhism they have been upheld to this day. Buddhists nowadays are still concerned with that fact, as shows at an International Congress on Buddhist Women's Role in the Sangha held at the University of Hamburg, Germany, in 2007.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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